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&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&Speech Science Quiz Flashcards -
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Speech Science Quiz
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41 Cards in this Set
vibration of v/f
periodic, complex sound wave
what can be seen from v/f vibration?
fundamental freq=pitch
harmonics=quality
rate of vibration can include...
length mass tension
what is voice intensity regulated by?
subglottal pressure
for v/f vibration to occur what must happen?
pressure below folds must be greater than pressure above
what is transglottal pressure?
difference between subglottal and s its the driving pressure that forces air through glottis
what is phonation threshold pressure?
minimum subglottic pressure needed to set the v/f in motion
fundamental frequency
perceived pitch of voice
glottal spectrum
used to visualize Fo and harmonics of human voice
the Fo is seen as the ______ frequency with the greatest _____
Harmonic Freq ______ with amplitude and _____ systematically (_____ per octave)
increase, decrease, 12db
a person engaged in normal covo may produce laryngeal tones that vary in what?
pitch over a range of almost 2 octaves
what is the relationship between Fo and rate of v/f vibration?
pitch is controlled by the contraction of which muscles?
cricothyroid in lengthening the folds or thyroarytenoids by shortening the folds
what is pitch controlled by?
subglottic pressure
what muscles may be used to lower Fo?
sternohyoid
Higher Fo has _______ quality while lower Fo has _______ quality
rich, resonant quality
Jitter or Freq Perturbation
timing variability between cycles of vibration
Shimmer or Amplitude Perturbation
variability in amplitude for each cycle
what are jitter and shimmer caused by?
neurologic, biomechanic, aerodynamic, acoustic
how do you measure jitter and shimmer?
measure the period of each cycle of v/f vibration
jitter and shimmers have a complex what?
what programs measure jitter and shimmer?
visipitch, computerized speech lab, cspeech
what is a disadvantage of measuring jitter and shimmer?
different algorithms, higher Fo is more difficult to measure, may not be valid for aperiodic voice
what is the norm for jitter?
what does a higher jitter suggest?
there is something interfering with the normal v/f vibration and the mucosal wave
what can measure in cycle-to-cycle vibration can allow us to detect changes in?
neuromuscular function and layers of the vocal folds
more steady and periodic the acoustic signal generation the _______
lower the jitter and shimmer
what can problems in neuromuscular control result in?
the v/f's being less stable, an increase in jitter and shimmer
what are vocal registers?
refers to a specific range of fundamental frequencies characterized by a particular mode of v/f vibration resulting in a particular quality
what are the most common speech registers?
falsetto, modal, pulse
where do speech registers usually occur? what happens when they go beyond range?
Fo ranges, changes mode of vibration
what is pulse?
closed cycle for longer period about 90%
what is modal?
open close phase is almost equal amount of time
what is falsetto?
never actually have closed phase
what does the resonatory system consist of?
all structures above the v/fs that can shape the sound generated by the pulmonary and phonatory systems
what does the resonatory system include?
laryngeal vestibule, hypopharynx, oropharynx, nasopharynx, oral cavity
what are the resonances in the vocal tract called?
what are formant frequencies?
changes in gross configuration of the vocal tract which result in modifications of the resonant characteristics
increased loudness = _____ & _____
increased collision of v/fs
what is intensity measured in? what is it controlled by?
db SPL; subglottal pressures
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