为什么中国的港澳台常用繁体字地区,它们要通用汉语繁体中文呢?而不通用汉语简体中文呢?

Did Cantonese almost replace Mandarin as the standard spoken version of Chinese? Why did Mandarin win out?
All of the major founders of the ROC were Cantonese, so why did Mandarin win out?
Mark Rowswell, AKA Dashan 大山
大山的回答
I&m sorry, but I&ve followed this question for some time and just can&t believe that Song Lin's answer to Did Cantonese almost replace Mandarin as the standard spoken version of Chinese? Why did Mandarin win out? is still the top-voted answer. At the risk of sounding arrogant, the story of Sun Yat-Sen and the vote of 1911 is just nonsense. It&s simply a myth that, unfortunately, continues to survive 100 years later. Mandarin Chinese is the &standard version& of Chinese for deep-rooted cultural and historical reasons, not because of some &accident of history&.
不好意思,我关注这个问题有一段时间了,真是不敢相信宋琳的回答得票最多。孙文的故事和1911年的投票只是冠冕堂皇的无稽之谈。它是虚构的,不幸的是,100年后还有人相信。普通话作于中国人的&通用语言&有着根深蒂固的文化和历史原因,而不是因为一些&历史的偶然&。
(Crane Wang's answer to Did Cantonese almost replace Mandarin as the standard spoken version of Chinese? Why did Mandarin win out? provides some vital historical background to this question. I highly recommend people review his answer.)(克瑞恩&王的回答提供了一些非常重要的历史背景。我强烈推荐大家看看他的回答。)
&& Unlike the depictions we see on television, history is not decided by a small number of politicians making back-room decisions. Sun Yat-sen may have been a great man, but cultural forces are much stronger than any individual or group of politicians. This question is much bigger than that.
不像我们在电视上看到的那样,历史不是一小撮政治人物在密室决定的。孙文是个伟大的人物,但是文化的力量比任何一个个人或政治团体要来的强大。这个问题比那要宽广的多。
The northern dialect of Chinese, 北方语系 in Chinese, actually covers the majority of Chinese geography, from the north-east all the way down to Yunnan province. (Yes, Yunnan dialect is considered part of the &northern dialect& and is not difficult for any northerner to understand.) The eastern coastline of China, from Shanghai down to Guangdong province, has widely varying dialects from 吴 (Shanghai/Jiangsu/Zhejiang) down to 粤 (Cantonese) with 闽南 (Fukkienese) in between. This is largely determined by geography & places that are isolated by geography tend to develop unique languages or dialects, and places that are geographically accessible to each other tend to share languages or dialects. Geographically speaking, Mandarin has been the most dominant dialect of Chinese, even before 1911.
北方语系实际覆盖了中国大部分地区,从东北一路到云南省。(是的,云南方言对任何一个北方人来说并不难懂,被纳入北方语系。)东部沿海,从上海到广东省,存在大量不同的方言,从吴语(上海,江苏,浙江)到粤语,以及中间的闽南语。这主要是地理因素:偏僻的地方往往形成独特的语言或方言,而互相来往的地方则使用一种语言或方言。从地理上看,普通话甚至在1911年前就已经是中国最大的方言了。
On the other hand, it is true that Cantonese bears more resemblance to classical Chinese than Mandarin. Tang poetry, for example, rhymes and sounds much better when read in Cantonese than in Mandarin. Yet this does not detract from the fact that Mandarin has been the dominant dialect of Chinese for many hundreds of years.另一方面,粤语确实比普通话更接近古代汉语。比如唐诗用粤语读起来押韵和发音都比普通话好。但是这并未减损普通话数百年来的主导地位。
&& Beijing has been the capital of China almost continuously since 1421. (Of course, that may not compare with Xi&an (Chang&an), which has been the capital of the Chinese nation for the greatest length of time in total. On the other hand, very few people in Xi&an speak Cantonese & they speak the Shaanxi dialect.) As such, the northern dialect of Chinese has been the official dialect for well over 500 years. That pre-dates any Communist conspiracy by over 400 years.
北京自1421年来就一直是中国的首都。(当然不要拿西安(长安)比,它做为首都时间最长,另一方面,很少有西安人说广东话,他们都说陕西方言。)因此,北方方言做为中国官方语言已远远超过500年。这比任何共产主义阴谋都早400年。(译注:可能认为普通话成为官方语言是PARTY的阴谋。)
In 1911, the Chinese political system was rotten to the core. External aggression and internal revolt had simmered for over 50 years and the imperial powers in Beijing were completely unable to control these forces. Sun Yat-sen was a prominent dissident who had been exiled from China. When the revolution suddenly erupted in Wuhan (and not according to plan), Sun Yat-sen was actually in Denver, Colorado. He returned to China as quickly as possible to help guide the revolution.
1911年,中国的政治体系已经烂到根了。外部侵略和内部叛乱已经持续了50多年,北京的列强也无法完全控制这些势力。孙文是从中国流亡的一位著名不同政见者。当革命突然在武汉爆发(没有根据计划),实际还在卡罗莱纳的丹佛的孙文立刻回国领导革命。
At this specific point in history, many of the revolutionary leaders (including Sun Yat-sen) were from Guangdong and spoke Cantonese. By no means do I intend to belittle their contribution. Guangdong (Canton), as a major gateway to the outside world, has always played a vital role in China&s modernization. Yet these early republican leaders were unable to determine issues as important as standardization of the language. They did not have political control over the whole nation (even Chiang Kai-shek, after them, could not establish complete control). And even if they did have control, they would not have been able to control cultural forces greater than whatever political power they wielded.
在历史的这一刻,很多革命领导人(包括孙文)来自广东,说粤语。不是说我要贬低他们的贡献。广东做为对外的主要大门,在中国现代化上扮演着关键角色。然而这些共和先驱们还没法将语言规范化列入重要议题。他们还未实现整个国家的政治控制(甚至他们之后的蒋介石都没能够建立完全控制。)即使完全控制,他们也没办法控制那比任何政治力量都强大的文化力量。
To use an analogy, think of China in the 1990s. Jiang Zemin, former Party Secretary from Shanghai (and a native of nearby Jiangsu province) has established control over all of China. He has promoted most of his colleagues from Shanghai to hold senior positions in the Politburo and State Council. The public commonly refers to this group as the 上海帮, the Shanghai Gang. Theoretically, this group could have gotten together and decided to approve the Shanghai or Wu 吴 dialect of Chinese as the &standard dialect&. Yet they didn&t. And why not? Because it would be completely ridiculous and unenforceable, and they would be made the laughingstocks of China.
打个比方,九十年代的中国,来自上海(靠近江苏省的地方)的前总书记江泽民控制了全中国,提携了大量上海的同事到政治局和国务院的高级岗位上,公众通常称之为上海帮。理论上讲,这个团体可以在聚在一起决定让上海话或者吴语做为&通用语言&。但是他们没有,为什么?因为它太荒谬,无法实行,而且他们会成为中国的笑柄。
The same thing holds true for 1911. Even if Cantonese had been approved in this back-room voting deal, it would have been completely unenforceable. It&s nothing more than a piece of irrelevant trivia from Chinese history. Cantonese has always been a major dialect of Chinese, but one that is limited in scope to the south-east corner of China. Shanghainese would never adopt Cantonese, nor would the Sichuanese, not to mention the northerners. Cantonese has never had any sort of nation-wide scope in China. That is simply a fact of Chinese history, 也算是基本国情.
1911年也是一样,即使粤语在这个秘密投票中被批准,它也完全难以实行。无非是件中国历史上的无关紧要的事情。粤语在中国历史上一直是主要的方言,但是只限于中国中南部。上海人绝不会用粤语,四川人也不会,更别提北方人。粤语从未在全国范围使用。这仅仅是中国历史上的事实,也算是基本国情。
In modern times, China has been ruled by a coalition of leaders from various regions of China. Sun Yat-sen was Cantonese, Chiang Kai-shek was from Zhejiang, Mao Zedong from Hunan, Zhu De from Sichuan, Zhou Enlai from Jiangsu, Deng Xiaoping from Sichuan & and so on. The only thing this varied group of people could agree on is that the &standard form& of Chinese should be based on the northern dialect, which was the one dialect most understood by the majority of Chinese.近代以来,中国曾被来自不同地区的多个领导人统治。孙文是广东人,蒋介石来自浙江,毛泽东来自湖南,朱德是四川的,周恩来则来自江苏,邓小平来自四川&&等等。这些人唯一可能赞同的事情就是中国的&通用语&应该基于被大部分中国人了解的北方方言。
&& In post-revolution China (1949 to present), &standard Chinese& has been defined as &taking the northern dialect as standard, with Beijing pronunciation as the standard pronunciation&. This does not mean that the Beijing dialect has been enforced as the national standard, simply that there is a need to pick one standard and this was the most logical. In fact, there is a clear distinction between the Beijing dialect and Standard Chinese. And choosing the northern dialect as the standard was simply recognizing a fact of history & this was something greater than any one political leader or political party, that had been established by hundreds of years of history.
革命后的中国(1949年至今),&通用汉语&被定义成&以被北方方言为基础,以北京发音为标准发音&。这并不意味这北京话被做为国家标准强制执行,仅仅只是需要选择一个标准,这是最合乎逻辑的。事实上,北京话和普通话有明显的区别。选择北方方言做为标准只是承认历史事实&&这一比任何一个领导人或政党更强大,业已存在数百年的事情。
Choosing Mandarin as the standard dialect of Chinese is by no means a perfect choice, it&s just simply the most natural, historically-correct and culturally-acceptable choice, no matter what any individual politician or revolutionary leader says.
选择普通做为通用语并不意味着它是完全的抉择,它只是简单而自然的,不管政治任务或者革命领袖如何说,是历史正确和文化可接受的选择。
宋琳的回答
59 votes by Ben Newhouse, Ben Nham, Wen Huang, (more)
Yes. Cantonese was going to be the standard spoken version of Chinese in 1911. After the success of the 1911 (or Xinhai) Revolution, the Provisional Government of the Republic of China (中华民国) was founded. In the first Congress, a proposal suggested that Cantonese be the standard version of the Chinese language. As is known to all, Guangdong Province (广东) was one of the bases of the Chinese revolution in Modern history. And half members in the provisional Congress were from Guangdong. President Sun Yat-sen (孙中山) was Cantonese himself. So there was a strong probability that the proposal would pass at that time.&&是的,粤语在1911年差点成为汉语标准。辛亥革命成功后,中华民国临时政府成立,在第一届国会上,有一件提案建议选择粤语做为汉语的标准。众所周知,现代史上广东省是中国革命的基地之一。临时国会的一半成员来自广东,孙总统自己也是广东人。因此该提案很可能会获得通过。
&& But in the nation as a whole, Mandarin is spoken by the largest population and in the most geographic areas of China&not only in the north of China but also in the southwestern provinces, such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan (云南、贵州、四川), and also in some places of Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi, and Jiangsu (湖北、湖南、安徽、江西、江苏). And in history, Beijing (where Mandarin is spoken) was the political center of the country for more than 600 years beginning with the Yuan Dynasty.但从全国来看,说普通话的人口最多,地区最广,不只是北方,而且西南省份如云南,贵州,四川,还有湖北,湖南,安徽,江西和江苏的部分地区。历史上,北京(说普通话)从元代以来就做为国家的政治中心已超过600多年。
&& President Sun Yat-sen was a wise leader. He knew that supporting Mandarin was beneficial to balance off the&&Northern Warlords force in Beijing and promote the spread of the revolution from the south to the whole country.&&Though Cantonese was Sun's mother tongue, he still persuaded his countrymen in the Congress to give up Cantonese.
孙总统是位明智的领袖,他知道支持普通话,有利于平衡在北京的北洋军阀势力,促进革命从南方蔓延到全国。虽然粤语是孙的母语,他仍然在国会说服他的同乡放弃粤语。
Cantonese was beaten by only one vote in 1911 and Mandarin won out finally. However, considering the history and reality, with the political distribution at that time, I think it was a rather good choice for Chinese.粤语以一票之差落选,而普通话最终胜出。不过考虑到历史和显示,和那时候的政治气候,我认为是个不错的选择。
&& Crane Wang, obsessed reader, self-learner of lang...
克瑞恩&王的回答
19 votes by Simon Holledge, Hongwan Liu, Kelly Kenneth Klein, (more)
No. This is a common misconception, but it's not what really happened in history.
这只是一个普遍的误解,并未在历史上真的发生。
An article published in the October 2008 issue on the magazine of Chinese Language Society of Hong Kong (香港中国语文学会) quoted linguist Yao Dehuai (姚德懷) as saying, the common belief in Hong Kong that, in the early years of the Republic of China, Cantonese lost to Beijing dialect only by one vote, is groundless. And the fact that such misconception was held by quite a few academics is shameful. (Commemorating 110th Anniversary of Mandarin/Putonghua Movement / 紀念 國語普通話運動110周年
姚德怀在2008年10月发表在香港中国语文学会杂志上一篇文章上说,在香港被普遍认同的:在中华民国早期,粤语以一票之差输给北京话的事情是毫无根据的。而学术界存在这种误解是令人羞耻的。(紀念 國語普通話運動110周年)
First it was not 1911. There was indeed a meeting to determine the national dialect, but it was first convened only in 1913.
首先,它不是在1911年。确实有个决定通用语的会议,但首次举办是在1913年。
According to A History of the National Dialect Movement (国语运动史纲) written by linguist Li Jinxi (黎锦熙), by the time the Pronunciation Unification Council (读音统一会) first convened in Feb 1913, nearly a third of its members were from Jiangsu and Zhejiang (both provinces are near Shanghai). Only 4 were from Guangdong. Even if some other dialect could become national standard, rather than that of Beijing, it could have been the Wu dialect spoken in the provinces near Shanghai. Besides, actually each province only had one vote in the later meetings of the Council. It would be unimaginable that a representative from some other province would willingly vote for the dialect of Guangdong.
根据黎锦熙所述《国语运动史纲》,读音统一会于1913年2月首次举行,近三分之一的成员来自江苏和浙江(两省都靠近上海)。只有四个成员来自广东。如果有方言替代北京方言成为全国标准,也可能是上海周边省份说的吴语。除此之外,实际上每省只有一个投票权,难以想象一个来自其他省份的代表投粤语一票。
And even if Cantonese had lost the contest to Beijing pronunciation, it would not happen by only &one vote&.&
即使粤语以一票之差输给北京话,也不会仅仅是因为&一票&。
It was not a law that simply said &Let's all speak Cantonese&. It was a more complicated process with fierce debate. All provinces in China use the mostly same set of characters. What matters to set a national dialect is to unify the pronunciation of those characters. Later on that council, after heated discussion, the standard pronunciation of more than 6,500 characters were decided one by one. And in that process, each province only had one vote. For any dialect to become national, it would take thousands of votes. The pronunciation is largely based on Beijing pronunciation, with some exceptions.
没有这样一部法律简单的说&让我们都说广东话&。它没有激烈的辩论那么简单。所有省份都有几乎一致的汉字。设置国家标准是为了统一这些汉字的发音。在那次会议的后期,超过6500个汉字的标准发音被一个个确认。在这个过程中,每省只有一票。对任何一个成为国家标准的方言,都可能经过了上万次投票。发音大部分基于北京口音,除了一些例外。
The closest point of Cantonese to national status was in 1926, on the 2nd national congress of Kuomintang. The meeting was held in Guangzhou (aka Canton) and Cantonese was taken as official language for that meeting. Mandarin speeches delivered by &Northerners& were interpreted by Cantonese party members. But that was only ad hoc. On the provincial education meeting held later in that same month in Guangzhou, Cantonese was not allowed in official speeches. (.cn/s/blog_6... [Chinese])
粤语最接近成为国家标准是在1926年的国民党第二次全国代表大会上。会议在广州举行,粤语做为会议的官方语言。 &北方人&的普通话发言由广东党员解释。但这也仅仅是专案。后来同月在广州举行的省教育会议上,粤语不再做为官方语言。
One blogger gave a lengthy account here: http://totemz./2010/0... The blog is written in Chinese and I just summarized his arguments. Most of the information that I give here comes from that blog.
一篇深入说明的博文在这里:http://totemz.//guo2yu3/,博文用中文写就,我只是总结了他的观点。我给出的大部分信息都来自这个博客。
译注:后面还有几篇票数较少的回答未译出。另外,《南方周末》的链接失效了,为了保证文章的连贯性可能有些词未译出。
【译文仅用于学习和交流目的。非商业转载请注明出处、译者,并保留文章在译文展示的完整链接】
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自16世纪起东西方文化交流就已开始,按道理,一种语言经过彼此四百多年的交际使用和互相渗透,对方应该能够掌握一些基本规律,学习的常规技巧和方法也应被大家熟悉并接受。可到了如今21世纪,汉语依然被大多数西方人定为"最难学"的语言。这到底是为什么呢?
是汉语真的难学,还是西方人走进了误区?三百多年前,一些欧洲人发现汉字有部首的特点,他们把汉字部首当作西语的字母来使用,认为找到了进入汉语天地的"金钥匙"。可是,这把钥匙并没有给他们打开学汉语的大门,这是第一个误区。语法是一种语言组词造句的基本规律,总结语法的目的是帮助人们用较少的时间掌握该种语言。
英语语法、西班牙语语法等莫不如是。但唯独汉语,在外国人看来,有些像是有些规律,但个别与例外又极多。比如组词造句,外国人怎么也不理解可以说"杯子"、"筷子",为什么不能说"碗子"。所谓汉语语法,是模仿西文语法体系生搬硬套出来的。
300年前如此,今天依然如此。再者,好不容易出版了的汉语语法,还是照搬西文语法的"拉郎配",中看不中用,不能完全符合汉语的特征;汉语拼音化则完全丢却了汉语作为表意文字的文化特质。
长期以来,外国朋友对汉语学习的种种误解,致使他们认为汉语难懂难学。
随着中文文化交流的加深,对外汉语也成为一个职业。
国家汉办也在编制相关教程,可是真正在实际教学中,这些问题能否得到解决呢,也许只有真是从事这个领域多年,且经验丰富的人更有说服力,她们通过不断的教学积累,对世界各国语言细节的了解,掌握的教学规律可能更加全面!
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例如1: "进" 这个字的来源,演变和意思是什么呢?
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陆地上有轮子的运输工具
象形字为:
中国文字每一个都是有它的来源的,创造这个字我们的祖先也都是反复推敲过的,每个字的后面都有他一定的含义和哲理在里面。
以上这些只是举个例子,这里不探讨教学细节,仅供入门的朋友们一些思路,对汉字的深入理解,能让我们在教学过程中很好的突出重点,把握教学过程中的轻重缓急,让教学过程变的趣味无穷。
2,外语知识与技能(教师应至少掌握一门外语,熟练掌握外语的语音、语调、词汇、语法等方面的基本知识,并能够运用听、说、读、写、译等综合能力进行交流。)
这里完全取决各位的外语功底和知识面了,就不展开讨论了。
3,语言之间的差异性
媒介语的差异,(中文和媒介语之间的差异,我们有时候会出现中文里面的一个词在英文里面出现多个意思,中文里面多个词在英文里面是一个意思。要站在一个外国人的角度看中文, 做到思维方式的切换。
语序的差异:
例句1 "球滚在地上" 和 "球在地上滚",有什么区别?
例句2 "我站在学校门口"和"我在学校门口站着",有什么区别?
例句1和例句2 又有什么区别?
我这只是顺便举几个例子,只要你仔细思考,也就能明白他们的区别了,关键字:滚 和 站
都是动词,一个是动态动词,一个是静态动词。这是他们最重要的区别点,如何能表达的更清楚,你都要反复思考,只要掌握了核心的一些点,老外学员的问题你大部分都能回答清楚。
语系的差异:方块字和字母语系,这就涉及到拼音系统和汉字系统 (中文为方块字系,其他主流语系为字母语系。)如果你不能理解汉字的这两套系统,你在教学过程中会遇到很多问题无法解释,很多人感觉汉语学的很好,可是很多核心的细节功课并没做好,经不起推敲
这里涉及到的内容比较枯燥,也比较复杂,就不展开讨论了。
【对外汉语-中国历史文化知识补充】
1 能将中国历史文化教学与语言教学恰当地结合起来,并能根据具体教学环境、教学材料有选择地讲授中国历史文化知识。
2 能根据学习者的文化背景、个人情况及语言程度选择适当的教学方式与教学手段介绍中国历史文化。应具有比较丰富的中国历史文化知识,并能准确、客观地介绍和讲授。
3 能根据学习者的反馈及时调整所涉历史知识的深度、广度,以培养学习者进一步自主学习中国历史文化知识的能力。
4 如何将以上知识变的生动有趣,并能通俗易懂呢?
例如:讲天文,地理
你可以讲24节气,以这个为话题,展开讲解我们在没有互联网,气象站,天气预报的情况下,也能预估一年下来各时间点的气候情况,
一年分 春分,秋分,夏至,冬至
春分,昼夜平分之意,排二十四节气之四。此时太阳直射赤道。春暖花开,莺飞草长。宜农作,田间管理;观光出游等。
在6月21日或22日;表示炎热将至,该日昼最长,夜最短。夏至,这一天北半球白昼最长,以后白昼渐短。
在9月23日或24日;表示秋季中间,昼夜等长。秋分,农历二十四节气中的第十六个节气,时间一般为每年的9月22或23日。南方的气候由这一节气起才始入秋。在12月21日或22日;表示寒冬到来,该日昼最短、夜最长。
在有天气变化的时间,可以讲一些典型的天气现象,比如,讲到 惊蛰 的时候,可以延伸到打雷。
【对外汉语-中外文化知识补充】
1,教师应了解中外文化的主要异同,理解汉学与跨文化交际的主要概念,以及文化、跨文化交际对语言教与学的影响,并能够将上述理论、知识应用于教学实践。
2,了解世界文化史上的重大历史时期、事件及有重要影响的人物,并能在讲授中国文化时加以比较
3,了解世界重要文化遗产、外国的主要节日,并能与中国的相关文化遗产和主要节日进行比较。
例如;A请B吃饭,中国人的理解是A是要买单的,但外国人理解的是邀请一起吃饭,可能是AA制,一定要给外国人解释清楚"请"字的意思,是含有买单的意思。请字的翻译invite, 翻译上无法表达这个意思。再加上文化环境理解上的差异,就会产生很多问题。
【对外汉语-汉语教师相关行业背景知识补充】
老师如果具备各种商务背景知识会比较好,例如:从事过金融行业的老师,当你给一个在中国的老外商务人士授课,那么你们可能有更多的共同语言,同时授课过程中,很多知识点能讲解的更加透彻,让教学过程变得更有趣味。
尤其是应届毕业生会担心没什么工作经验,对商务或者很多领域并不了解,这是一个短板,这是可以补充的,只有多看看行业相关杂志和意见领袖的观点等,就可以补充相关的知识,从而让课程内容丰富多彩并结合了外国人的实际情况,避免了空洞单调的学习。
只要善于学习和观察,很多常识和知识点是可以逐渐丰富的,
另外知识是要长期积累的,而不是在需要的时候才去学习,不能太功利的心态...
有很多人持有侥幸的心态,等到先确定好老外的背景后,再去找相关知识补充,表面看起来很聪明,其实这样的心态就决定了很难成为一个优秀的老师,这也是很多人浮躁的状态!
另外一个重点是,研究心理学,更好的掌握学生的学习心态,了解其学习过程中的规律,和遗忘周期,根据其性格特征以某种更快的方式拉近距离。
老外学员有很多问题和不明白的地方,他并不会用语言告诉你,你要通过他的表情和状态,调整教学方式,这里就暂不举例了。
【对外汉语-就业现状】
目前对外汉语专业毕业的学生,就业现状其实很严峻,很多人并没有找到理想工作,老外学中文的数量虽然在增加,但老外对老师的要求并没有降低,老外在选老师的时候也是很细心的。
一般都会有试讲,很多缺乏实践教学经验的人往往在试讲环节就被淘汰,很难有锻炼的机会。
对外汉语教师这个职业本身对老师的要求是很苛刻的,但很多人的理解却很简单,以为只要会英文或一门外语,懂中文就能授课了。
但实际操作中,往往会发现很多没想到的细节问题,从而显的不专业。
于是就有了很多培训机构为这些老师做培训,颁发各种证书,而真实情况如何,可能参加过培训的同学更有体会,
经过一段时间培训,还是感觉在实际授课环节依然存在问题,如果培训机构的老师只是告知问题出在你这里,而指出的问题有不是你真正存在的问题,反而会误导你的实际教学效果,进入一个恶性循环,可见选择一个好的老师也并非那么容易。
如何避免这种情况呢,这里就牵扯到你在从事这个职业前,有没有搞明白一个问题:为你授课的老师她本身教老外的效果怎么样? 一个优秀的老师除了具备基本的技能外,还有哪些是需要额外补充的知识?以及如何才能在细节上鉴别老师的水平呢?这些都是你要思考的问题,也是对自己负责的基本要求...
这个行业很窄,俞敏洪也说过,这个领域创业赚不了大钱,至少现在还不成气候,但成立个工作室,做做兼职,收入还是可观的,关键是能否给自己时间去做些沉淀!
最好先了解要做好这个职业需要补充哪些知识(不是简单基础的授课技巧),以及自己有没有耐心和毅力做到,再做个长短期计划。避免半途而废!
【对外汉语-汉语教师职业发展与规划】
很多人做职业规划方式简单,要么自己到网上找找别人的参考,要么找个懂职业规划的朋友给建议,就算整理出来,也缺乏信心和毅力坚持。
最好的方法是和这个行业已经做的比较好的人交流,毕竟经验丰富,给的建议更具有参考价值,记得是和在这个领域做的好的老师交流,而不是和一个本身做的不怎么样,或失败的人交流,要注意每个行业都有做的成功的,也有失败的。
优秀的人会给你正能量!
职业规划因人而异,每个人的情况只有自己最清楚,这个只能在实际的交流中体会,这里就不铝...
【对外汉语|证书】
再说说 证书吧,为了避免广告嫌疑,具体的我就不提了,只想发布下我的看法,希望能给刚刚从业的朋友们一点参考
(注:汉办2005年被停办了,具体原因就不详谈了)
从业过3年以上,教学经验丰富的老师们自不必说了,有的可能有稳定的职业,有的已经有了相关的证书。
关键是刚入门的朋友,证书你可以考一张,但最好建立在能力上,我个人观点是可以先有能力,再有证书,当你的能力上去后,你也肯定接触到了这个行业很多优秀的老师,哪怕就一两个,此时再考张证也不迟,因为老外跟你学中文的时候,其实不看证书的,只是很多学校招聘老师的时候会有要求,但市面上招聘信息里面总是有一条:"实践经验丰富的老师可以放宽要求" 呵呵,我的几个朋友也是对外汉语老师,她们就没出示过证书,因为能力和实力摆在那里,试讲一节课就能看出来了,干嘛还要证书呢?
我一杂志社的朋友用过句经典广告词,我想用这很贴切:外行人,看广告,内行人,看门道!
仅以此文献给热爱中国文化,传播中国文化的朋友。
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