machiavellianism最多人使用的语言被使用在哪本书里

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Machiavelli
Niccol& Machiavelli ()
In 1498, Niccol& Machiavelli began his career as an active politician in the independent city-state of Florence, engaging in diplomatic missions through France and Germany as well as Italy. After more than a decade of public service, he was driven from his post when the republic collapsed. Repeated efforts to win the confidence and approval of the new regime were unsuccessful, and Machiavelli was forced into retirement and a life of detached scholarship about the political process instead of direct participation in it. The books for which he is remembered were published only after his death.
Machiavelli originally wrote
() (1513) in hopes of securing the favor of the ruling Medici family, and he deliberately made its claims provocative.
The Prince is an intensely practical guide to the exercise of raw political power over a Renaissance principality. Allowing for the unpredictable influence of fortune, Machiavelli argued that it is primarily
that determines the success of any state. The book surveys various bold means of
and evaluates each of them solely by reference to its likelihood of augmenting the glory of the prince while serving the public interest. It is this focus on practical success by any means, even at the expense of traditional , that earned Machiavelli's scheme a reputation for ruthlessness, deception, and cruelty.
His Dell'arte della guerra (The Art of War) (1520)
explains in detail effective procedures for the acquisition, maintenance, and use of a military force. Even in his more leisurely reflections on the political process, Machiavelli often wrote in a similar vein. The Discorsi sopra la prima Deca di Tito Livio
() (1531) review the history of the Roman republic, with greater emphasis on the role of fortune and a clear
Here, too, however, Machiavelli's conception of the proper application of morality to practical political life is one that judges the skill of all participants in terms of the efficacy with which they achieve noble ends. Whatever the form of government, Machiavelli held, only success and glory really matter.
Recommended Reading:
Primary sources:
Niccol& Machiavelli, Opere, ed. by Sergio Bertelli and Franco Gaeta (Feltrinelli, 1960-&&&)
Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince, tr. by George Bull (Penguin, 1999)
Niccolo Machiavelli, Discourses, tr. by Leslie J. Walker and Bernard Crick (Viking, 1985)
Secondary sources:
Machiavelli, ed. by Maurizio Viroli (Oxford, 1998)
Harvey Claflin Mansfield, Machiavelli's Virtue (Chicago, 1998)
Leo Strauss, Thoughts on Machiavelli (Chicago, 1995)
Additional on-line information about Machiavelli includes:
Cary Nederman's article in .
Interesting pages from .
The full article available at .
The thorough collection of resources at .
A brief article in .
The Philosophy Pages by
are licensed under a .Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at .
& Garth Kemerling.Last modified 24 November 2011.
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Definition of Machiavellian in English:
adjective, , and , especially in politics: a whole range of
Machiavellian
informal foxy nounA person who
in a Machiavellian way.Derivatives Machiavellianism1
nounWords that rhyme with MachiavellianChellean, Orwellian, Sabellian, Trevelyan, triskelion
Definition of Machiavellian in:
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